| ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠣᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ︵ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠣᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠣᠵᠠ᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠤᠤᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠌ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠌ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ | ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ | ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠵᠦᠮ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠬᠤᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ | ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 20 — 40 ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ 3 — 4 ᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠨᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 0.25 — 0.5 ᠺᠢᠯᠥᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠌ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠬᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 150 — 300 ᠺᠢᠯᠥᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠠᠰᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ | ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ︵16.5%︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ | ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ︵ᠨᠢᠭᠡ︶ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠄ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠣ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ | ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ︵ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠄ 29% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ 0.2% ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ 500 ᠺᠢᠯᠥᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 3.5 ᠺᠢᠯᠥᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ︶ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠤᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠄ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠌ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠣᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠱᠦᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠤᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠱᠦᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 3 ᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ᠂ | ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 1 ᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 1 ᠮᠧᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡ︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ᠄ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠥᠨᠥᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠩᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ | ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵ᠲᠠᠪᠦ︶ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ | ᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃ |